gaba a antagonist gabazine  (Tocris)

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deciphering the role of brainstem vestibular-related inhibitory networks in shaping postural reflexes in the Xenopus tadpole

doi: 10.1101/2025.11.16.688675

Figure Lengend Snippet: A : Experimental design. B : Spontaneous IPSPs (arrowheads) were recorded from identified VS neurons in control condition (black) and after gabazine (+GBZ, blue) and subsequent strychnine (+GBZ+STRY, purple) addition to the perfusion bath. GABA immunolabeling (green) could be observed in a small part of retrogradely marked VC neurons (red). Three consecutive episodes are illustrated for each condition. Insets illustrate IPSP doublets (scalebars: 1 mV, 10 ms). C-D : Occurrence (C) and parameters (D) of IPSPs in control (black) and after gabazine (blue) and subsequent strychnine (purple) perfusion. E-F : Same arrangement as C-D but with strychnine perfused first (light purple) and gabazine added subsequently (light blue).

Article Snippet: The fast GABAergic neurotransmission was blocked using the GABA-A receptor antagonist gabazine (1 μM; Merck), which was previously dissolved in distilled water in 1-ml aliquots stored at -20°C.

Techniques: Control, Immunolabeling

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deciphering the role of brainstem vestibular-related inhibitory networks in shaping postural reflexes in the Xenopus tadpole

doi: 10.1101/2025.11.16.688675

Figure Lengend Snippet: A-C : Gabazine effects. A: Control spinal reflex response evoked by sinewave stimulation of horizontal canal cupula on both sides. B: Reflex evoked under gabazine perfusion. C: Circular distribution (C1) of spinal burst peaks and mean discharge rate (C2; arbitrary units) in control (black) and under gabazine (blue). Note the appearance of a secondary little peak during the non-preferred phase of the GVS (* p<0.05). D-F : Strychnine effects. Same arrangement as A-C. Note the loss of coherence in the phase distribution (F1) and the spreading of the ‘peak’ response (F2) under strychnine.

Article Snippet: The fast GABAergic neurotransmission was blocked using the GABA-A receptor antagonist gabazine (1 μM; Merck), which was previously dissolved in distilled water in 1-ml aliquots stored at -20°C.

Techniques: Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deciphering the role of brainstem vestibular-related inhibitory networks in shaping postural reflexes in the Xenopus tadpole

doi: 10.1101/2025.11.16.688675

Figure Lengend Snippet: A-C : Gabazine effects. A: GVS-evoked spinal response throughout the 10-cycle repeated stimulation in control (black and under gabazine perfusion (blue). Both the raw traces (bottom) and the integrated signals (top) are illustrated. B: Evolution of the response magnitude (measured as the mean area under the integrated curve). C: First (C1) and last (C2) mean areas in control (black) and under gabazine (blue). Note the distinct effects between the first and later GVS cycles (** p>0.01; * p<0.05). D-F : Strychnine effects. Same arrangement as A-C.

Article Snippet: The fast GABAergic neurotransmission was blocked using the GABA-A receptor antagonist gabazine (1 μM; Merck), which was previously dissolved in distilled water in 1-ml aliquots stored at -20°C.

Techniques: Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deciphering the role of brainstem vestibular-related inhibitory networks in shaping postural reflexes in the Xenopus tadpole

doi: 10.1101/2025.11.16.688675

Figure Lengend Snippet: A-H : Gabazine effects on spinal responses evoked by LVST (A-D) or TAN (E-H) direct stimulation. A: Experimental design for LVST. B: Samples of spinal fast responses in control (black) and under gabazine (blue). Arrowhead point to the response onset. C: Mean occurrence of spinal fast responses over 5 repeated stimulations (* p<0.05). D: Mean areas under the integrated curve of the response (* p<0.05). E-H: Same arrangement as A-D, for TAN stimulation. I-R : Strychnine effects. Same arrangement as A-H.

Article Snippet: The fast GABAergic neurotransmission was blocked using the GABA-A receptor antagonist gabazine (1 μM; Merck), which was previously dissolved in distilled water in 1-ml aliquots stored at -20°C.

Techniques: Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deciphering the role of brainstem vestibular-related inhibitory networks in shaping postural reflexes in the Xenopus tadpole

doi: 10.1101/2025.11.16.688675

Figure Lengend Snippet: A-D : LVST-evoked responses. A: Experimental design. B: Sample spinal responses to cut-sensitive (bottom) and insensitive (top) stimulation sites in the LVST, in control (black), and after commissural cut (light green) and subsequent gabazine perfusion (dark green). Arrowheads point to response onsets. C: Mean response occurrence over 5 consecutive stimulations. D: Mean response magnitude (measured as the mean area under the response integrated curve; * p<0.05) in preparations affected by the commissural cut (doted box in C). E-H : Same arrangement as A-D, for TAN stimulation.

Article Snippet: The fast GABAergic neurotransmission was blocked using the GABA-A receptor antagonist gabazine (1 μM; Merck), which was previously dissolved in distilled water in 1-ml aliquots stored at -20°C.

Techniques: Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Heterogeneity and variability in short term synaptic plasticity and implications for signal transformation

doi: 10.1101/2025.06.28.662098

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A-D) Raw Traces in response to 1 test pulse followed by a burst of 8 pulses, from representative neurons. Individual trials are shown as faint black lines, with the mean trace overlaid in blue (control) or red (gabazine). Experiment, control (A); Experiment, Gabazine (B); Simulation, control (C); Simulation, GABA weights set to zero to simulate Gabazine (D). The model cell membrane resistivity RM was reduced from 1.0 to 0.3 S/m 2 to account for the much smaller dendritic extent and hence membrane area of the simulated neuron. (E, G) Peak Amplitude Distribution for experiment and simulation respectively for probe and eight pulse train across all cells and trials. (F, H) STPR by Cell for experiment and simulation. Violin plots showing the distribution of the STP ratio for the first two peaks of each individual cell. Black dots represent individual trials. (I, K) Peak 1 Amplitude by Cell for experiment and simulation. Violin plots showing the distribution of the first peak’s amplitude (peak 1) for each individual cell. (J, L) STPR Dynamics for experiment and simulation. Line plots tracking the STPR value across subsequent peaks (peak0 is the probe peak). Each colored line represents a different cell. (M, O) Cell Clustering for experiment and simulation based on their STPR profiles. Heatmaps show the statistical similarity between cells . Color intensity represents the -log10(p-value), with cells ordered by hierarchical clustering. (N, P) Correlation between the first peak’s amplitude (peak1) and the STP ratio of the first two peaks of the 8-pulse train, with a linear regression line. Both experiment and simulation are quite scattered and nearly flat, but simulation has a small negative slope.

Article Snippet: To isolate the effects of inhibition, a selective and competitive GABA A receptor antagonist Gabazine (HelloBio HB0901 - SR 95531) was used at 20 uM concentration.

Techniques: Control, Membrane